Self-Control Exercises on Equal Treatment
Fill in the Blanks!
Read the paragraphs below and fill in the missing words!
Article 18 TFEU contains a general prohibition on discrimination on grounds of
within the scope of application of the TFEU: "Within the scope of application of the Treaties, and without prejudice to any special provisions contained therein, any discrimination on grounds of
shall be prohibited." Article 18 is directly effective, but it applies only where the Treaty contains no specific relevant provisions. Nationality is important in two ways for free movement of workers: first, the worker must be a
of a Member State, second, the EU free movement rights under Article 45 do not apply to
situations which lack an inter-State element. Specific Treaty provisions are usually relevant in areas related with
and
. Article 13 TFEU extends the original prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality to other forms of discrimination - discrimination based on
,
or
origin,
or belief,
,
or
. Measures may discriminate directly or indirectly. A directly discriminative measure means hindrance of the right of foreign nationals to take up and pursue
in conditions applicable in respect of host State nationals. Indirectly discriminative measures operate irrespective of the worker's
and they have as their exclusive or principal aim or effect the exclusion of non-nationals from
. Example of indirectly discriminatory measures: linguistic
. The right to non-discrimination embraces
to employment, as well as all aspects of the employment
, and all matters in respect of which the worker and the
of his/her family integrate into the host State.
Please, choose the correct answer! Please, note that more than one answer may be correct!
1. Article 18 TFEU protects:
nationals of Member States;
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third-country nationals.
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2. The right to non-discrimination is directly effective:
horizontally;
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vertically.
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