I. Papers in international journals
      II. Butterflies and moths here and there
           III. Home-made theories                                     Back to main page

I. Papers in international journals (reversed chronological order )

Davis, R.B., Javois, J., Pienaar, J., Õunap, E. and Tammaru, T. 2012. Disentangling determinants of egg size in the Geometridae (Lepidoptera) using an advanced phylogenetic comparative method. - Journal of Evolutionary Biology, in press.

Castellanos, I., Barbosa, P., Zuria, I., Tammaru, T. and Christman, MC. 2011. Contact with caterpillar hairs triggers predator-specific defensive responses. - Behavioral Ecology, 22: 1020-1025.

Remmel, T., Davison, J. and Tammaru, T. 2011. Quantifying predation on folivorous insect larvae: The perspective of life-history evolution. - Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 104: 1-18.

Molleman, F., Javois, J., Esperk, T., Davis, R.B. and Tammaru, T. 2011. Sexual differences in weight loss upon exclosion are related to life history strategy in Lepidoptera. - Journal of Insect Physiology, 57: 712-722.

Javois, J., Molleman, F. and Tammaru, T. 2011. How to quantify income breeding? An example from geometrid moths. - Entomologia experimentalis et applicata,139: 187-196.

Õunap, E., Javois, J., Viidalepp, J. and Tammaru, T. 2011. Phylogenetic relationships of selected European Ennominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). - European Journal of Entomology, 108: 267-273.

Sandre S.-L., Tammaru T. and Hokkanen, H. 2011. Pathogen resistance in the moth Orgyia antiqua: direct influence of host plant dominates over the effects of individual condition. - Bulletin of Entomological Research, 101: 107-114.

Pöykkö, H. and Tammaru, T. 2010. Countergradient vs. cogradient variation in growth and diapause in a lichen feeding moth, Eilema depressum (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). - Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 23: 1278-1285

Esperk, T. and Tammaru, T. 2010. Size compensation in moth larvae: attention to larval instars. - Physiological Entomology, 35: 222-230.

Remmel, T. and Tammaru, T. 2011. Evidence for a higher importance of signal size over body size in aposematic signaling in insects. - Journal of Insect Science, 11: 4

Wahlberg, N., Snäll, N., Viidalepp, J., Ruohomäki, K. and Tammaru, T. 2010. The evolution of female flightlessness among Ennominae of the Holarctic forest zone (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 55: 929-938

Teder, T., Esperk, T., Remmel, T., Sang, A. and Tammaru, T. 2010. Counterintuitive size patterns in bivoltine moths: late-season larvae grow larger despite lower food quality. - Oecologia, 162: 117-125.

Tammaru, T., Esperk, T., Ivanov, V. and Teder, T. 2010. Proximate sources of sexual size dimorphism in insects: locating constraints on larval growth schedules. - Evolutionary Ecology, 24: 161-175.

Remmel, T. and Tammaru, T. 2009. Size-dependent predation risk in tree-feeding insects with different colouration strategies: a field experiment. - Journal of Animal Ecology, 78: 973-980.

Cassel-Lundhagen, A., Tammaru, T., Windig, J.J., Ryrholm, N. and Nylin, S. 2009. Are peripheral populations special? Congruent patterns in two butterfly species. - Ecography, 32: 591-600.

Remmel, T.; Tammaru, T. and Mägi, M. 2009. Seasonal mortality trends in tree-feeding insects: a field experiment. - Ecological Entomology, 34: 98-106

Besold, J., Schmitt, T. and Tammaru, T. Cassel-Lundhagen, A. 2008. Strong genetic impoverishment from the centre of distribution in southern Europe to peripheral Baltic and isolated Scandinavian populations of the pearly heath butterfly. - Journal of Biogeography, 35: 2090-2101

Teder, T., Tammaru, T. Esperk, T. 2008. Dependence of phenotypic variance in body size on environmental quality. - American Naturalist, 172: 223-232.

Sandre, S.-L., Tammaru, T., Vanatoa, A., Esperk, T. 2007. Maintenance of larval color polymorphism in Orgyia antiqua (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae): evaluating the role of thermal adaptation. - Environmental Entomology, 36: 1303-1309.

Tammaru, T. & Esperk, T. 2007 Growth allometry of immature insects: larvae do not grow exponentially. - Functional Ecology, 21: 1099-1105

Sandre, S.-L., Tammaru, T. & Mänd, T. 2007. Size-dependent colouration in larvae of Orgyia antiqua (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae): a trade-off between warning effect and detectability? - European Journal of Entomology, 104: 745-752.

Esperk, T., Tammaru T & Nylin S 2007 Intraspecific variability in number of larval instars in insects. - Journal of Economic Entomology, 100: 627-645

Sandre, S.-L., Tammaru T. & Esperk T., Julkunen-Tiitto R. & Mappes J. 2007 Carotenoid-based colour polyphenism in a moth species: search for fitness correlates. - Entomologia experimentalis et applicata, 124: 269-277

Esperk T., Tammaru T., Nylin, S. & Teder, T. 2007. Achieving high sexual size dimorphism in insects: females add instars. - Ecological Entomology, 32: 243-256

Viidalepp, J., Tammaru, T., Snäll, N., Ruohomäki, K. & Wahlberg, N. 2007. Cleorodes Warren, 1894 does not belong in the tribe Boarmiini (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). - European Journal of Entomology, 104: 303-309.

Snäll N., Tammaru T., Wahlberg N., Viidalepp J., Ruohomäki K., Savontaus M.-L. & Huoponen K. 2007.Phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Operophterini (Lepidoptera, Geometridae): a case study of the evolution of female flightlessness. - Biological Journal of Linnean Society , 92: 241-252

Mänd T., Tammaru T. & Mappes J. 2007. Size dependent predation risk in cryptic and conspicuous insects - Evolutionary Ecology, 21: 485-498.

Javoish J. & Tammaru T. 2006. The effect of egg load on readiness to accept a low-quality hostplant is weak and inconsistent in a geometrid moth - Ecological Entomology, 31: 597-600.

Esperk, T. & Tammaru, T. 2006. Determination of female-biased sexual size dimorphism in moths with a variable instar number: the role of additional instars. - European Journal of Entomology, 103: 575-586.

Tammaru, T. & Javoish, J. 2005. When being alive implies being safe: variation in mortality rates can cause oviposition selectivity to increase with age. - Oikos, 111: 649-653.

Javoish, J., Tammaru, T. & Käär, M. 2005. Oviposition in an eruptive moth species, Yponomeuta evonymellus, is insensitive to the population density experienced during the larval period. - Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 115: 379-386.

Teder, T. & Tammaru, T. 2005. Sexual size dimorphism within species increases with body size in insects. - Oikos, 108: 321-334.

Tammaru, T., Nylin, S., Ruohomäki, K. & Gotthard, K. 2004. Compensatory responses in lepidopteran larvae: a test of growth rate maximisation. - Oikos, 107: 352-362.

Barbosa, P., Tammaru, T. & Caldas, A. 2004. Is parasitism of numerically dominant species in Macrolepidopteran assemblages independent of their abundance? - Basic and Applied Ecology, 5: 357-366.

Esperk, T. & Tammaru, T. 2004. Does the "investment principle" model explain moulting strategies in Lepidopteran larvae? - Physiological Entomology, 29: 56-66.

Javoish, J. & Tammaru, T. 2004. Reproductive decisions are sensitive to cues of life expectancy: the case of a moth. - Animal Behaviour, 68: 249-255.

Teder, T. & Tammaru, T. 2003. Short-term indirect interactions between two moth (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) species mediated by shared parasitoids: the benefit of being scarce. - European Journal of Entomology, 100: 323-328.

Cassel, A. & Tammaru, T. 2003. Allozyme variability in central, peripheral and isolated populations of the scarce heath (Coenonympha hero: Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae); implications for conservation. - Conservation Genetics, 4: 83-93.

Tammaru, T., Esperk, T. & Castellanos, I. 2002. No evidence for costs of being large in females of Orgyia spp. (Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae): larger is always better. - Oecologia, 133: 430-438.

Teder, T. & Tammaru, T. 2002. Cascading effects of variation in plant vigour on the relative performance of insect herbivores and their parasitoids. - Ecological Entomology, 27: 94-104.

Tanhuanpää, M., Ruohomäki, K., Turchin, P., Ayres M. P., Bylund, H., Kaitaniemi, P., Tammaru, T. & Haukioja, E. 2002. Population cycles of the autumnal moth in Fennoscandia. - pp. 142-154 in: Population cycles. The case for trophic interactions (A.A.Berryman ed.). Oxford University Press.

Teder, T. & Tammaru, T. 2001. Large larvae of a flush-feeding moth are not at a higher risk of parasitism: implications for the moth's life history. - European Journal of Entomology, 98: 277-282.

Tammaru, T., Tanhuanpää, M., Ruohomäki, K. & Vanatoa, A. 2001. Autumnal moth - why autumnal? - Ecological Entomology, 26: 646-654

Tammaru, T. & Javoish, J. 2000. Responses of ovipositing moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) to host plant deprivation: life-history aspects and implications for population dynamics. - Environmental Entomology, 29: 1002-1010

Ruohomäki, K., Tanhuanpää, M., Ayres M. P., Kaitaniemi, P., Tammaru, T. & Haukioja, E. 2000. Causes of cyclicity of Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) - grandiose theory and tedious practice. - Population Ecology, 42: 211-223.

Tammaru, T., Ruohomäki, K. & Montola, M. 2000. Crowding-induced plasticity in Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae): weak evidence of specific modifications in reaction norms. - Oikos 90: 171-181.

Gyllenberg, M., Hemminki, J., & Tammaru, T. (order alphabetical) 1999. Allee effects can both create and maintain spatial heterogeneity in population densities. - Theoretical Population Biology 56: 231-242.

Parmesan, C., Ryrholm, N., Stefanescu, C., Hill, J. K., Thomas, C. D., Descimon, H., Huntley, B., Kaila, L., Kullberg, J., Tammaru, T., Tennent, J., Thomas, J. A. & Warren, M. 1999. Poleward shifts in geographical ranges of butterfly species associated with regional warming. - Nature 399: 579-583.

Tammaru, T. & Hõrak, P. 1999. Should one invest more in larger broods? Not necessarily. - Oikos 85: 574-581.

Teder, T., Tammaru, T. & Pedmanson, R. 1999. Patterns of host use in solitary parasitoid species: field evidence from a homogenous habitat. - Ecography 22: 79-88.

Kaitaniemi, P., Ruohomäki, K., Tammaru, T. & Haukioja, E. 1999. Foliage quality and induced resistance of host plant during and after a natural insect outbreak. - Journal of Animal Ecology 68: 382-389.

Tammaru, T., Ruohomäki, K. & Saloniemi, I. 1999. Within-season variability of pupal period in the autumnal moth: a bet-hedging strategy? - Ecology, 80: 1666-1677.

Tammaru, T. 1998. Determination of adult size in a folivorous moth: constraints at instar level? - Ecological Entomology 23: 80-89.

Ruohomäki, K., Virtanen, T., Kaitaniemi, P. & Tammaru, T. 1997. Old mountain birches at high altitudes are prone to outbreaks of Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). - Environmental Entomology 26: 1096-1104.

Tammaru, T. & Haukioja, E. 1996. Capital breeders and income breeders among Lepidoptera: consequences to population dynamics. - Oikos 77: 561-564.

Tammaru, T., Kaitaniemi, P. & Ruohomäki, K. 1996. Realized fecundity in Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera, Geometridae): relation to body size and consequences to population dynamics. - Oikos 77: 407-416.

Hõrak, P. & Tammaru, T. 1996. Between-year variation in breeding conditions biases heritability estimates for body size in birds. - Ardea 84: 127-135.

Tammaru, T., Ruohomäki, K. & Saikkonen, K. 1996. Components of male fitness in relation to body size in Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). - Ecological Entomology 21: 185-192

Ruohomäki, K., Kaitaniemi, P., Kozlov, M., Tammaru, T. & Haukioja E. 1996. Density and performance of Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) along three air pollution gradients in northern Europe. - Journal of Applied Ecology 33: 773-785.

Tammaru, T., Virtanen, T., Ruohomäki, K. & Kaila, L. 1995. Eupithecia veratraria Herrich-Schäffer, 1850 new to Scandinavia, with the redescription of E. veratraria ssp. arctica Viidalepp, 1974 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) - Nota Lepidopterologica 18: 297-303.

Tammaru, T., Kaitaniemi, P. & Ruohomäki, K. 1995. Oviposition choices of Epirrita autumnata in relation to its eruptive population dynamics. - Oikos 74: 296-304.

Zhu J. W., Löfstedt, C., Philipp, P., Francke, W., Tammaru, T. & Haukioja, E. 1995. A sex pheromone component novel to the Geometridae identified from Epirrita autumnata. - Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 75: 159-164.

Kaila, L., Pedmanson, R. & Tammaru, T. 1999. Eestis esineb kaks oblikavaksikuliiki (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). /Two species of Timandra (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) occur in Estonia./ - Lepidopteroloogiline Informatsioon 11: 7-8 (in Estonian, with English summary).

Tammaru, T., Virtanen, T., Ruohomäki, K. 1996. Eupithecia veratraria (Geometridae) Pohjois-Norjassa. /Eupithecia veratraria (Geometridae) in northern Norway./ - Baptria 21: 123-126 (in Finnish, with English summary).

Tammaru, T., Viidalepp, J., Pedmanson, R. 1994. Horisme aemulata tavattu Utsjoelta - mistä se oli peräisin? /Horisme aemulata [Lepidoptera, Geometridae] found at Utsjoki - where did it come from?/ - Baptria 19: 64-68 (in Finnish, with English summary).

Skvortsov, V., Tammaru, T. 1994. Cucullia praecana Eestis: levik, eluviis ja arengujärkude kirjeldus. /Cucullia praecana Ev. [Lepidoptera, Noctuidae] in Estonia, with description of the preimaginal stages./ - Lepidopteroloogiline Informatsioon 9: 9-10 (in Estonian, with English summary).

Tammaru, T. 1993. Kassitapusuru sisserännetest Eestisse, eriti 1992. aastal. /On immigration of Agrius convonvuli L. [Lepidoptera: Sphingidae] into Estonia, especially in the year 1992./ - Lepidopteroloogiline Informatsioon 8: 11-15 (in Estonian, with English summary).

Tammaru, T. 1999. Hea ja halva mäluga elukäiguomadused: evolutsioonilisi järeldusi. /Life histrory traits with good or bad memory: implications for evolutionary theory./ - Schola Biotheoretica XXV: 98-100 (in Estonian).

Tammaru, T. 1998. Diskreetsed kasvujärgud putukavastsetel: ontogeneesi iseärasus, mis piirab elukäiguevolutsiooni. /Discrete instars of insect larvae: a peculiarity of ontogenesis which posies a constraint on life-history evolution./ - Schola Biotheoretica XXIV: 107-110 (in Estonian).

Tammaru, T. 1997. Mitmeaastase elutsükliga putukad - metapopulatsioon ajas? /Insects with a multiannual life cycle: a metapopulation in time?/ - Schola Biotheoretica XXIII: 12-14, Tartu (in Estonian).

Tammaru, T. 1995. Liblikas valib rööviku toidutaime - mis siis kui ei ja miks ei? /A moth selects for its host plant - what if not and why not?/ - Schola Biotheoretica XXI: 37-38, Tartu (in Estonian).

Tammaru, T. 1993. W. Petersen as a biologist-theoretician. - In: Lectures in theoretical biology: the second stage. Estonian Academy of Sciences. Tallinn, pp. 122 - 127

Tammaru, T. 1993. Biparentality as a creator of non-uniformity in temporal structure of a population. - Folia Baeriana 6. Estonian Academy of Sciences. Tartu, pp. 158-163.

Tammaru, T. 1991. Uniparentaalse paljunemise ökoloogilisi aspekte. /Ecological aspects of the uniparental reproduction./ - Schola Biotheoretica XVII: 31-38, Tartu (in Estonian).

Tammaru, T. 1990. Surmast geenivaliku teooria valguses. /Death in the light of the gene selection theory/. - Schola Biotheoretica XVI: 12-17, Tartu (in Estonian).